Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns Show Enhanced Predictive Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women

OBJECTIVE The empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and inflammatory pattern (EDIP) scores assess the insulinemic potentials of habitual patterns, irrespective macronutrient content, are based on plasma insulin response or biomarkers, respectively. glycemic (GI) load (GL) postprandial potential carbohydrate content. We tested hypothesis that patterns promoting hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, hyperglycemia may influence type 2 diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS calculated from baseline (1993–1998) food frequency questionnaires among 73,495 postmenopausal women in Women’s Health Initiative, followed through March 2019. used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) 95% CIs also estimated absolute risk diabetes. RESULTS During a median 13.3 years follow-up, 11,009 incident cases were diagnosed. Participants consuming most hyperinsulinemic proinflammatory experienced greater diabetes; HRs (95% CI) comparing highest lowest quintiles EDIH 1.49 (1.32–1.68; Ptrend < 0.0001) EDIP 1.45 (1.29–1.63; 0.0001). excess incidence same comparison was 220 271 per 100,000 person-years. GI GL not associated with risk: 0.99 (0.88–1.12; = 0.46) 1.01 (0.89–1.16; 0.30). CONCLUSIONS Our findings this diverse cohort suggest lowering diet be more effective preventing than focusing foods.